Mason B. Williams

Postwar New York City famously expired in a tableau of burning Bronx tenements, subway graffiti, crushing debt, and the tabloid headline "Ford to City: Drop Dead." The city reemerged from the ashes to reach new heights, whether in stock averages or the gleaming pencil towers punctuating midtown. But at ground level, the city's basic institutions—its housing, its schools, its public...