American & Canadian History

From a multiple New York Times bestselling author, here is an eye-opening history of the United States' war on terror across four presidential administrations. The year 2026 marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of 9/11, the most devastating attack on American soil since Pearl Harbor. Within days, the United States began to declare its war on terror: 'Either you are with us,...

From the bestselling author of Too Big to Fail, comes a riveting, fly-on-the-wall account of the most infamous stock market crash in history. In 1929, the world watched in shock as the unstoppable Wall Street bull market went into a freefall, wiping out fortunes and igniting a depression that would reshape a generation. But behind the flashing ticker tapes and...

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee by Dee Brown is an eye-opening chronicle of the tragic history of the American West from 1860 to 1890, a period marked by broken promises, disillusionment, war, and massacre. Beginning with the forced relocation known as the Long Walk of the Navajos, and culminating in the devastating massacre of the Sioux at Wounded Knee,...

SUNDAY TIMES NUMBER ONE BESTSELLER ‘The most important book of the year’ Daily Mail The brilliant and provocative new book from one of the world’s foremost political writers: ‘The anti-Western revisionists have been out in force in recent years. It is high time that we revise them in turn…’ In The War on the West, international bestselling author Douglas Murray asks:...

An explosive insider story of the biggest mistakes in US history and how to put them right - from the man who saw America's wrong moves up close, White House insider turned host of the hit podcast, The Rest is Politics- US. We're living in an age of deep political anger and frustration. Where did it come from, and how...

A ground-breaking and essential work of history – the first of its kind to closely examine the British Royal Family’s connection with the transatlantic slave trade. The Crown's Silence is the untold story of the British royal family’s relationship to slavery from the reign of Elizabeth I to the present. It will be the first history of the British monarchy...

NATIONAL BESTSELLER. Discover the game-changing theory of the cycles of history and what past generations can teach us about living through times of upheaval—with deep insights into the roles that Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials have to play—now with a new preface by Neil Howe. "One of the best efforts to give us an integrated vision of where we are...

Filled with fresh interpretations and information, puncturing old myths and challenging new ones, Battle Cry of Freedom will unquestionably become the standard one-volume history of the Civil War. James McPherson's fast-paced narrative fully integrates the political, social, and military events that crowded the two decades from the outbreak of one war in Mexico to the ending of another at Appomattox....

As Russian forces closed in on Berlin, and Hitler's premiership drew to a close, many Nazi officials fled Germany. In this startling, meticulously researched account, acclaimed journalist Uki Goñi unravels the complex network that led them to Argentina. Relying on international support—in Scandinavia, Switzerland, and Italy—and the enthusiasm of the Vatican and President Juan Perón, Goñi shows how this 'ratline'...

The raucous memoir from pop's most influential producer. Lady Gaga, Adele, Amy Winehouse, Dua Lipa, Bruno Mars, Miley Cyrus, the Barbie soundtrack. Behind some of the biggest musical moments in the past two decades is one man - Mark Ronson. Now, his memoir Night People captures the music, characters, escapades and energy of his formative DJ days in '90s New...

Failure Is Not an Option is an enthralling memoir by Gene Kranz, the charismatic and steely NASA flight director, whose resolve and tenacity helped shape the success of America's space program. The narrative journeys through the spine-tingling challenges and triumphs from the nascent days of the Mercury program, through the iconic Apollo 11 moon landing, and the dramatic Apollo 13...

From the brilliant minds of Noam Chomsky and Nathan J. Robinson comes The Myth of American Idealism, a powerful examination of the profound discrepancies between America's democratic ideals and its foreign policy actions. This compelling book shatters the facade of altruism that has long been associated with US global operations, offering readers an unflinching look at the realities behind American...

Open Veins of Latin America by Eduardo Galeano is a compelling exploration of Latin American history, intricately examining the patterns of exploitation that have shaped the continent over five centuries. Galeano's narration does not follow a conventional chronological or geographical sequence but rather delves into the various facets of the region's past through the lens of its abundant resources. Focusing...

Valiant Ambition by Nathaniel Philbrick is a masterfully crafted narrative that delves deep into the heart of the American Revolution. The book centres around the compelling and tumultuous relationship between George Washington, the stalwart leader of the Continental Army, and General Benedict Arnold, whose name has become synonymous with treachery. Through a lens that captures both the grandeur and the...

When The Culture of Narcissism was first published in 1979, Christopher Lasch was hailed as a "biblical prophet" (Time). Lasch's identification of narcissism as not only an individual ailment but also a burgeoning social epidemic was groundbreaking. His diagnosis of American culture is even more relevant today, predicting the limitless expansion of the anxious and grasping narcissistic self into every...

From bestselling historian and Pulitzer Prize finalist H.W. Brands, comes a revelatory history of the shocking emergence of vicious political division at the birth of the United States. To the framers of the Constitution, political parties were a fatal threat to republican virtues. They had suffered the consequences of partisan politics in Britain before the American Revolution and wanted nothing...

In 1831, Tocqueville set out from post-revolutionary France on a journey across America that would take him nine months and cover 7,000 miles. The result was Democracy in America, a subtle and prescient analysis of the life and institutions of 19th-century America. Tocqueville's study of the strengths and weaknesses of an evolving democratic society remains a key point of reference...

WINNER OF THE EDGAR AWARD FOR BEST FACT CRIME SHORTLISTED FOR THE ANDREW CARNEGIE MEDAL FOR EXCELLENCE IN NON-FICTION SHORTLISTED FOR THE CWA ALCS GOLD DAGGER FOR NON-FICTION NOW A MAJOR MOTION PICTURE DIRECTED BY MARTIN SCORSESE STARRING LEONARDO DICAPRIO AND ROBERT DE NIRO ‘A riveting true story of greed, serial murder and racial injustice’ – JON KRAKAUER ‘A fiercely entertaining...

A Full Life by Jimmy Carter offers readers an intimate and comprehensive look into the life of the 39th President of the United States. In this profound and reflective memoir, Carter recounts his experiences and personal observations from his remarkable nine decades of life. From his humble beginnings in rural Georgia, to his naval career, to his tenure in the...

Leadership in Turbulent Times by Doris Kearns Goodwin is a masterful exploration of leadership through the lens of four American presidents: Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Lyndon B. Johnson. In her magnum opus, Goodwin delves into the lives of these iconic figures, examining how they navigated through periods of immense challenge and turbulence. Through meticulous research and...

ONE OF The New Yorker's BEST BOOKS OF 2023 SO FAR CHOSEN BY Financial Times' READERS FOR BEST BOOKS OF 2023 A New York Times BOOKS EDITOR'S CHOICE "Has the makings of a classic." - The TLS "Chilling and vital... sensitive and thought-provoking." - The Times "Exhumation can divide brothers and restore fathers, open old wounds and open the possibility...

Washington by Ron Chernow is a masterful and richly detailed portrait of the father of the United States. Chernow's biography captures the adventurous early life of George Washington, from his youthful exploits to his ascension as commander of the Continental Army. The narrative delves deeply into his courageous leadership during the Revolutionary War and his pivotal role presiding over the...

An illustrated study of the historical printings that depict Abraham Lincoln's life and legacy. Abraham Lincoln: His Life in Print provides an indispensable overview of the rarely seen books and ephemera from the nineteenth century that made Lincoln a central historical figure. Written for anyone interested in America's political, publishing, and cultural past, this catalogue presents the world of Lincoln...

New York Times bestselling author Jeff Pearlman turns his sharp eye and meticulous storytelling to one of pop culture’s most enduring and enigmatic figures—Tupac Shakur—presenting the definitive retelling of his life, complete with explosive new details. Scrutinized in life, mythologized in death, Tupac Shakur remains a subject of immense cultural significance and speculation nearly thirty years after his murder. Despite...

The #1 New York Times bestseller by Pulitzer Prize–winning historian David McCullough rediscovers an important chapter in the American story that’s “as resonant today as ever” (The Wall Street Journal)—the settling of the Northwest Territory by courageous pioneers who overcame incredible hardships to build a community based on ideals that would define our country. As part of the Treaty of...

From the New York Times bestselling author of Band of Brothers and D-Day comes Undaunted Courage, the definitive account of Lewis and Clark's exploration of the Louisiana Purchase, widely regarded as the most momentous expedition in American history and one of the great adventure stories of all time. Set in the early 19th century, Undaunted Courage chronicles the epic journey...

Benjamin Franklin by Walter Isaacson is a masterfully written biography that offers readers an in-depth and compelling look at one of America’s most complex and influential Founding Fathers. This comprehensive account unravels Franklin's life story, tracing his journey from a modest upbringing in Boston to becoming a prominent figure on the world stage in cities like Philadelphia, London, and Paris....

'An oppressive, forensic, psychological thriller: J.K. Rowling meets Antony Beevor, Stephen King and Marina Warner ... Schiff's writing is to die for' THE TIMES It began in 1692, over an exceptionally raw Massachusetts winter, when a minister's niece started to scream and convulse. It ended less than a year later, but not before panic had infected the entire colony, nineteen...

Vietnam by Max Hastings is an unparalleled exploration of the Vietnam War, providing a gripping and comprehensive account of this turbulent period. Drawing on three years of meticulous research and interviews with individuals from all sides of the conflict, Hastings offers an epic narrative that vividly brings to life the ground-breaking events and personal experiences of those who lived through...

Because it is my name! Because I cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign myself to lies! Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name! In a small tight-knit community, gossip and rumour...

From the author of the New York Times best-selling The Case for Trump, the story of Trump's triumphant comeback and what his second term means for the future of our country. When Donald Trump left office in January 2021, most observers thought his political career was over. Silenced on social media, pilloried by the press, and targeted for prosecution, the...

We know Lincoln as the eloquent, compassionate leader of a nation torn by civil war. But he had another, less visible side, equally central to his character and leadership: Lincoln was a master of party politics. Schooled as a Whig in the rough-and-tumble of Illinois electioneering in the 1830s, Lincoln skillfully navigated treacherous partisan crosscurrents and helped build the Republican...

Frederick Douglass by David W. Blight is a monumental biography of the esteemed former slave who became a leading voice for abolition and civil rights in America. This richly detailed and immersive work takes readers from Douglass's harrowing escape from slavery in Baltimore in 1838 to his rise as one of the most extraordinary figures in American history. The book...

From CNN’s Chief Political Correspondent and New York Times bestselling author Dana Bash comes a riveting journey into the most crucial elections in history, from the throes and uprisings of Ancient Rome to the modern-day political climate that put today’s leaders in power. Elections can usher in economic prosperity, fresh solutions for calcified problems, and new policies that improve the...

Canada - 'The true north strong and free' in the words of its national anthem - is the subject of this exhilarating new travel book from Paul Theroux: both a journey into the past and a cross-country road trip in the present, at a pivotal point in Canada's history. A vastly diverse and geographically scattered nation of forty million people,...

INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER From the bestselling author of The Taking of Jemima Boone, the unbelievable true story of a real-life Swiss Family Robinson (and their dog) who faced sharks, shipwreck, and betrayal. On December 10, 1887, a shark fishing boat disappeared. On board the doomed vessel were the Walkers—the ship’s captain Frederick, his wife Elizabeth, their three teenage sons, and their...

How forces from around the world converged on the Mississippi Delta to cause one of the most notorious murders in US history. Emmett Till's murder is one of the most infamous in American history; a moment that, more than any other, awakened the world to the racism of the Deep South. Yet despite growing up just a few miles from...

During World War II, the United States helped vanquish the Axis powers by converting its enormous economic capacities into military might. Producing nearly two-thirds of all the munitions used by Allied forces, American industry became what President Franklin D. Roosevelt called "the arsenal of democracy." Crucial in this effort were business leaders. Some of these captains of industry went to...

A fresh, meticulous, and entertaining account of Henry Ford, the Model-T, and the invention of the American car industry in the early twentieth century that “will make you rethink the man whose legacy sits in your garage” (Parade). From the acclaimed popular historian Richard Snow, who “writes with verve and a keen eye” (The New York Times Book Review), comes...

At once a heart-wrenching personal narrative and a unique historical document, The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt is the ultimate example of the personal as political. Eleanor Roosevelt stands as one of the world’s greatest humanitarians, having dedicated her remarkable life to the liberty and equality of all people. In this sincere and frank self-portrait, she recounts her childhood—marked by the...

The real political mission of Malcolm X, and why it needs resurrecting now — 100 years after his birth. Malcolm X is a titanic figure in political history, but he is also one of the most misunderstood. So much of what we know about his life and politics is from books, films and documentaries that are all guilty of peddling...

A rollicking, revelatory look at the tumult of the early 1990s and the rise of a new, more berserk America that birthed the Donald Trump Era. The New York Times Bestseller. A Barack Obama Summer Pick. When the Clock Broke is leagues more insightful on the subject of Trump's ascent than most writing that purports to address the issue directly....

The Hemingses of Monticello is an epic work that tells the story of the Hemingses, a slave family whose close blood ties to American president Thomas Jefferson had been systematically edited out from American history until very recently. This book sets the family's compelling saga against the backdrop of Revolutionary America, Paris on the eve of its own revolution, 1970s...

Ever since this nation's inception, the idea of an open and ever-expanding frontier has been central to American identity. Symbolising a future of endless promise, it was the foundation of the United States' belief in itself as an exceptional nation—democratic, individualistic, forward-looking. Today, though, America has a new symbol: the border wall. In The End of the Myth, acclaimed historian...

For the first time, Pope Francis tells the story of his life as he looks back on the momentous world events that have changed history—from his earliest years during the outbreak of World War II in 1939 to the turmoil of today. An extraordinary personal and historical journey, Life is the story of a man and a world in dramatic...

A riveting account of Pearl Harbor and the five history-making days that followed. This gripping book dramatizes the extraordinarily compressed and terrifying period between the surprise Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and Hitler's declaration of war on the United States. These five days transformed much of the world and have shaped our own experience ever since. Simms and Laderman's aim...

A defining collection from Alistair Cooke's legendary BBC Radio broadcasts guiding us through nearly sixty years of changing life in the United States. When Alistair Cooke retired in February 2004, he was acclaimed as one of the greatest broadcasters of all time. His Letter from America radio series, which began in 1946 and continued every week for fifty-eight years until...

A Times History Book of the Year 2022 From the #1 bestselling historian Max Hastings, the heart-stopping story of the missile crisis Daily Telegraph The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis was the most perilous event in history, when mankind faced a looming nuclear collision between the United States and the Soviet Union. During those weeks, the world gazed into the abyss...

The iconic study of the Haitian revolution by one of the founding fathers of Caribbean scholarship, now in Modern Classics for the first time. In 1791, inspired by the ideals of the French Revolution, the slaves of San Domingo rose in revolt. Despite invasion by a series of British, Spanish and Napoleonic armies, their twelve-year struggle led to the creation...

A gorgeous, sweeping epic – ANN NAPOLITANO A master of prose – WASHINGTON POST One of my favourite writers – ROXANE GAY Spectacular – JOANNE SEFTON I didn’t want it to end – SARA SHERIDAN A breathtaking historical novel following the incredible construction of the Panama Canal and casting light on the unsung people who lived and laboured in its...

From America's "Historian-in-Chief" (New York magazine), The Presidential Biographies boxed set—featuring the Pulitzer Prize-winning author's beloved and bestselling biographies No Ordinary Time, Team of Rivals, and The Bully Pulpit. After five decades of acclaimed studies of the presidency, Doris Kearns Goodwin stands as America's premier presidential historian. Now, for the first time, her three most esteemed books are collected in...

The Sewing Girl's Tale by John Wood Sweet is a gripping Revolutionary Era drama that delves into the first published rape trial in American history and its lasting repercussions. This illuminating narrative explores the changes — and the continuities — spanning over two centuries. On a moonless night in the summer of 1793, a grievous crime unfolded in the back...

The Devil in the White City by Erik Larson intertwines the extraordinary true tale of the 1893 Chicago World's Fair with the chilling story of one of America's first serial killers. At the heart of this riveting narrative is the architectural wonder of the fair, known as the White City, and the dark deeds that unfolded in its shadow. Set...

Transformative and mind-bending, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test by Tom Wolfe is a pioneering work of New Journalism that immerses readers in the psychedelic world of the 1960s counterculture. Follow the journey of Ken Kesey and his band of Merry Pranksters as they crisscross the United States in a brightly painted school bus, spreading messages of peace, love, and enlightenment...

Vanderbilt by CNN anchor and journalist Anderson Cooper and historian and novelist Katherine Howe is a captivating exploration of the rise and fall of one of America's most legendary dynasties. The book starts with the humble beginnings of eleven-year-old Cornelius Vanderbilt, who worked on his father's modest boat ferrying supplies across New York Harbor in the early 19th century. Through...

Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in History NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER — “Do we need still another Watergate book? The answer turns out to be yes—this one.” —The Washington Post — “Dazzling.” —The New York Times Book Review From the New York Times bestselling author of The Only Plane in the Sky, comes the first definitive narrative history of Watergate—“the...

From the Pulitzer Prize-winning, bestselling author of American Lion and Franklin and Winston, Jon Meacham presents Thomas Jefferson: The Art of Power, a richly detailed and unprecedented biography that delves into the life of one of America's most iconic Founding Fathers. Jefferson, an original thinker and a master politician, played a pivotal role in creating and sustaining the American republic....

The Path to Power by Robert A. Caro is a spellbinding and meticulously detailed biography that vividly chronicles the early years of Lyndon B. Johnson, providing an unparalleled glimpse into the making of a future President and his insatiable thirst for power. This first instalment in Caro's celebrated series sets the stage for Johnson's complex journey, beginning with his humble...

NOW A MAJOR TV SERIES STARRING ANDREW GARFIELD True crime in the American heartland. Under the Banner of Heaven is a riveting account of Mormon fundamentalism and renegade prophets, from the bestselling author of Into the Wild and Into Thin Air. Brothers Ron and Dan Lafferty insist they were commanded to kill by God. In Under the Banner of Heaven,...

The disturbing true story of the notorious Cecil Hotel in downtown LA, by its general manager for a decade and star of the controversial Netflix documentary series Crime Scene: The Vanishing at the Cecil Hotel. When Amy Price took a temporary design job at an Art Deco hotel in Los Angeles to help a friend, she had no idea the...

Empire of the Summer Moon transports readers to the turbulent era of the mid-19th century American West, where the fierce and formidable Comanche tribe clashed with white settlers. At the heart of this gripping historical narrative are two intersecting sagas: the rise and eventual fall of the Comanches, known as the most powerful Indian tribe in American history, and the...

The #1 New York Times bestselling memoir of U.S. Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, and the source for Clint Eastwood's blockbuster movie, which was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture. From 1999 to 2009, U.S. Navy SEAL Chris Kyle recorded the most career sniper kills in United States military history. His fellow American warriors, whom he protected with deadly...

Means of Ascent, the second volume in Robert A. Caro’s monumental work The Years of Lyndon Johnson, vividly brings to life the early career of one of America’s most complex and controversial figures, Lyndon B. Johnson. Caro’s meticulous research and narrative brilliance illuminate Johnson's wilderness years, highlighting his indomitable will, strategic genius, and relentless ambition. This multifaceted biography captures Johnson...

A truly global view of history covering over 350 of the world's most important milestones and key turning points. An essential gift for every history buff, this boldly illustrated book maps out the events that have shaped our world—from the dawn of human civilisation to the present day. A comprehensive and accessible guide to the history of human civilisation, World...

At 18, Charles Person was the youngest of the original Freedom Riders, key figures in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement who left Washington, D.C. by bus in 1961, headed for New Orleans. This purposeful mix of black and white, male and female activists—including future Congressman John Lewis, Congress of Racial Equality Director James Farmer, Reverend Benjamin Elton Cox, journalist and...

2018 Edgar Award Finalist—Best Fact Crime “A thoroughly readable, thoroughly chilling account of a brilliant con man and his all-too vulnerable prey” (The Boston Globe)—the definitive story of preacher Jim Jones, who was responsible for the Jonestown Massacre, the largest murder-suicide in American history, by the New York Times bestselling author of Manson. In the 1950s, a young Indianapolis minister...

They Should Have Been Hanged is a collection of essays presenting a stimulating revisionist view of the U.S. Civil War. Gary Brecher aka John Dolan rejects both the Lost Cause myth and insipid mainstream histories. Instead, he relies on the testimony of contemporary figures like Mary Chesnut, Mark Twain, John A. Logan, and Adam Gurowski to show the American Civil...

The Last Stand by Nathaniel Philbrick is a gripping and meticulously researched narrative that delves into the historic events surrounding the Battle of the Little Bighorn, a pivotal moment in American history. Philbrick guides readers through the intricate landscape of 1876, a year marked by seismic cultural and political tensions between the US military forces and the Plains Indians. Set...

At 8.46 am on September 11, 2001, 14,000 people were inside the Twin Towers in New York — reading emails, making calls, eating croissants... Over the next 102 minutes each would become part of a drama for the ages, one witnessed only by the people who lived through it — until now. Of the millions of words written about that...

From a Pulitzer Prize-winning historian comes the first definitive history of the Western hemisphere, a sweeping five-century narrative of North and South America that redefines our understanding of both continents. The story of the United States' unique sense of itself was forged facing south - no less than Latin America's was indelibly stamped by the looming colossus to the north....

Cuba: An American History by Dr. Ada Ferrer presents an expansive and vivid chronicle of Cuba, exploring its profound and intricate relationship with the United States over five centuries. Meticulously researched and beautifully written, this landmark work is an extraordinary achievement from one of the preeminent historians in the field. The narrative opens with the indigenous societies of the island...

NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The Christian Science Monitor • St. Louis Post-Dispatch “Magisterial.”—The New York Times In this extraordinary volume, Jean Edward Smith presents a portrait of Dwight D. Eisenhower that is as full, rich, and revealing as anything ever written about America’s thirty-fourth president. Here is Eisenhower the young dreamer, charting a course...

A vital account of fifteen speeches and orators—from Benjamin Franklin to Barack Obama—that tells the story of the United States as a battle over what it means to be an American, from a New York Times bestselling author and former presidential speechwriter. What does it mean to be American? Who gets to decide? This sweeping history of the United States...

These Truths invites us to peer into the space between health and illness, life and death, through the voices of the people who work on medicine's frontlines: doctors, nurses, EMTs, therapists, and more. In raw and revealing essays, stories, and poems, they share what it's like to deal with difficult patients, life-changing diagnoses, private doubts, painful failures, and the victories...

A genre-bending exploration of that most elemental force—water—through Indigenous storytelling, personal memory, and the work of influential artists and writers. For many years, Leanne Betasamosake Simpson took solace in skiing—in all kinds of weather, on all kinds of snow, across all kinds of terrain, often following the trail beside a beloved creek near her home. Recently, as she skied on...

Startling new insights into the JFK assassination In Killing Kennedy: Exposing the Plot, the Cover-Up, and the Consequences, author Jack Roth interviews researchers, scholars, eyewitnesses, and family members of those who were part of the tangled web of US intelligence operations associated with the Cold War and the circumstances surrounding the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The author asks important...

A character-filled history that brings the American saga to life "This is a little history with a big heart, meant to be savoured more than studied, read out loud like poetry, or perhaps sung like a hymn."—Joseph J. Ellis, author of Founding Brothers "Davidson has written a work that should lead readers to reflect anew on America's past and present......

A set of wargaming rules for fighting large battles set during the American Civil War. From the First Bull Run to Appomattox Court House, enter one of the defining conflicts of American history. With shot, shell, and sabre, guide the armies of the Blue and the Grey through this first modern war to determine the fate of a nation. With...

James Bradley introduces us to the prominent Americans—including FDR's grandfather, Warren Delano—who in the 1800s made their fortunes in the China opium trade. Meanwhile, American missionaries sought a myth: noble Chinese peasants eager to Westernise. The media propagated this mirage, and FDR believed that supporting Chiang Kai-shek would make China America's best friend in Asia. But Chiang was on his...

Entertaining The Times Utterly fascinating and illuminating Sinclair McKay Fascinating... An astonishing read, with remarkably vivid protagonists Harald Jähner Ohler weaves a masterful tapestry of history in this revealing and fresh account David de Jong Berlin, 1945. Following the fall of the Third Reich, drug use - long kept under control by the Nazis' strict anti-drug laws - is rampant...